Traditional, Mixed-Mode, and Online Instruction for Microbial Metabolism Before and During COVID-19

As COVID-19 restrictions are removed, instructors faced with two questions: should the course be taught online, via mixed-mode, or through traditional methods, and what effect did online instruction have on students in regards regarding enrolled across eight semesters of metabolism courses using traditional, methods. Post-hoc analysis a repeated-measures ANOVA determined that while mixed-mode outperformed methods exams involving introductory concepts first exam (4.47 ±4.24, p= 0.012) cumulative final (8.15 <0.001), were superior to both (9.21 <0.001) (6.37 ±5.76, 0.006) at teaching alternative pathways lipid, nucleotide, amino acid synthesis pathways. All showed poor student scores glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation topics. Online performed nearly equally though there was not significant difference exam’s content as found mixed-mode. It is evident that, based this study, different approach basic central metabolic cycles such electron transport chain necessary improve understanding these